Shingle



April s, 1924. r V 1,489,92

T. J. BROWN V SHINGLE Filed Oct. 20. 2.923 3 Sl'xqets-Sheet 5 61H01 n e11 Patented pr. 8, 1924.

THOMAS J'. BROWN, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

SHINGLE.

Application nled October 20, 1923. Serial No. 669,865. v

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS J. BROWN, a citizen of the United States,residing at lVashington, in the District of Columbia, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Shingles, of which the followingis a specification.

The present invention relates to roofing shingles of the composite type,and one of the primary objects is to provide a shingle that isreversible arid so constructed that when laid one way it is anindividual shingle and when reversed and laid in the opposite direction,constitutes a multiple or so-called strip shingle. A further andimportant object is to provide a shingle of this character that willproduce a relatively thick roof by overlapping to an extent to form athree-layer covering, constituting substantially ninety-five percent ofthe roof area, a portion being four layers thick, and a very smallamount two layers. A still further object is to provide a shingle thatmay be cut from a sheet with a minimum amount of waste, and so cut thatwhen the shingles are laid a variegated and therefore pleasingappearance will be given to the roof.

The preferred embodiment of the inven- -tion is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a plan view of the shlngle,

Figure 2 is a plan view showing a series 0f said shingles laid with theindividual butts exposed,

Figures 3 and 4 are respectively sectional views taken on the lines 3-3and 4-4 of Figure 2,

Figure 5 is a plan view of the shingle reversed,

Figure 6 is a plan view of a set of shingles laid with the multiplebutts exposed,

Figures 7 and 8 are sectional views respectively on the lines 7-7 and8-8 of Figure 6,

Figure 9 is a plan'view illustrating a strip and a method that may beemployed for cutting the shingles therefrom.

The shingles are preferably made of lex ible waterproof material of thewell-known kind, and their outer surfaces are coated with slate or otherlire-proof substance embedded in the body of the material. As disclosed.cach shingle consists of a reetangula r body 10, preferably about twiceas wide as it is long. Projecting from one of the end edges of the body10, and centrally thereof, is a single exposure butt 11, preferablysemi-hexagonal, though the form thereof may be varied. Projecting fromthe opposite edge of the body 10 are a plurality of exposure butts 12that are preferably, though not necessarily, square and are divided by acentral slot 13. The sides are also cut away to form slots 14 half thewidth of the central slot 13. While the sizes of the body land butts maybe altered, it has been found that the following proportions are verysatisfactory for covering purposes, as well as appearance. The body canbe 8 by i6 inches; the length of the butts 11 and 12 may be 4 inches;the width of the butt 11 at its juncture with the body may be 10 inches,while the widths of the square butts 12 may be 7%; inches. The butts 12will be individually of less area than the butt 11.

The shingle, as above produced, may be Alaid with either the butts l1 orthe butts 12 to the weather. In the former case, and as illustrated inFigure 2, when so laid, it will be noticed that a hexagonal appearancewill be given to the roof. Further than this the area of the roof isvery completely and thoroughly protected. A portion thereof, as will beclear by reference to Figures 3 and 4, has four thicknesses of shingles,and the greater portion approximating ninety-five per cent, has threethicknesses. Thus, not only is there practically no chance of raindriving inwardly beyond the. shingles, but the roof has longwearingqualities. In order to illustrate this as clearly as possible, it willbe noted that at the left of Figure 2, the di-ii'erent layers ofshingles are indicated differently. Thus the uppermost layer is shown infull lines, the second layer in dash lines, the third layer in dash anddot lines, and the fourth layer in dotted lines. The shingles may alsobe reversed and laid with the square butts to the weather, as indicatedin Figures G-S inclusive. When so laid the same effective covering isprovided. Furthermore the exposed butts which are subjected to the mostsevere conditions are the elements that are underlaid the thickest.

ln addition to the protective covering provided and the differentdesigns that are available.l it. .materially reduces the amount of stockthat a dealer must carry or a purchaser may buy, inasmuch as the onestructure prodm'es` both an individual and a strip shingle. Furthermore,as indicated in Figure S) the. shingles can be produced with a minimumamount of waste, the only loss being that required to produce the slotsv13 and 14. As shown in said figure, the lines of shingles are outlengthwise of the sheet and the butts l1 of one row produce the spacesbetween the buttsof the adjacent rows. It will also be noted that theserows are thus out oppositely to each other, and that the shingles arereversely arranged. One of the outstanding features of this shingle isdue to this. method of cutting. Owing to the texture of the slategranules with which this type of material is surfaced and their relationon the surface, light reiiections of different hues are cast fromdifferent angles. As a consequence where shingles or units are' all cutand laid 0n a a roof so that each and every unit lays the same as beforebeing cut, the light reflections are always the same. Because of thepresent method of cutting the shingles, when they are reversed andapplied on the roof,

a variegated or mottled eeet is brought out regardless of which designis used, either the hexangfular or rectangular.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the Construction, operation andmany advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent tothose skilled in the art, without further description, and it will beunderstood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and minordetails of construction Inay be resorted to without departing from thespirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

l. A shingle comprisin a body having a single exposure tab projectingfrom one end and a plurality of exposure tabs projecting from theopposite end.

2. A shingle comprising a body having a single exposure tab projectingfrom one end and terminating short of its sides, and a plurality ofexposure tabs projecting vfrom the opposite end and having theinterst-ioe between them in line with the opposite lsingle tab.

edge of the body and shaped differently to.

the single tab.

5. 'A shingle Comprising a lbody having a single exposure butt on oneend and a plurality of but-ts projecting from its opposite end, thelength of each butt being substantially one-half the width of the body.6. A shingle comprising a body having exposure units projecting from itsopposite edges', there being a greater number of` such units on one endthan the other and said latter units being individually of less area andall of equal size and shape.

'n testimony whereof, I aihx my signature.

THOMAS J. BROWN.

